Insulin deficiency and insulin resistance interaction in diabetes: Estimation of their relative contribution by feedback analysis from basal plasma insulin and glucose concentrations☆
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2022, South African Journal of BotanyCitation Excerpt :Additionally, a significant increase in the AUC of the glucose during the OGTT indicates the compromised pancreatic β-cell function towards the exogenous glucose load; reversal indicates improved insulin release in response to exogenous glucose ; increased plasma insulin level was observed with DRE treatment. Further, HOMA-IR assesses the β-cell function and insulin resistance via fasting/ basal glucose and insulin/c-peptide concentrations (Matthews et al., 1985); indicates the relationship between glucose and insulin basal state to reflect the balance between hepatic glucose output and insulin secretion which is maintained via the feedback loop between liver and pancreatic β-cells (Turner et al., 1979). In the present study, it was observed that DRE treatment improved HOMA-IR which could be through the downregulated hepatic gluconeogenesis and previously demonstrated insulin secretagogue-like effects (Khanal and Patil., 2021).
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2022, Sensors InternationalCitation Excerpt :The HOMA model assesses insulin sensitivity and β-cell function using fasting plasma insulin and glucose levels [23]. Glucose and insulin levels reflect the balance between hepatic glucose synthesis and insulin secretion in the baseline state, regulated by feedback loops between β-cells and the liver [24]. Insulin increased DNA synthesis in human BC cell lines, implying a mitogenic effect [25].
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Supported in part by the Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust and the NOVO Research Institute.