Clinical InvestigationCoronary Artery DiseaseGender differences in clinical outcomes among diabetic patients hospitalized for cardiovascular disease
Section snippets
Study design and participants
This study was a prospective analysis of diabetic patients hospitalized for CVD (N = 902) who participated in the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute–sponsored Family Cardiac Caregiver Investigation To Evaluate Outcomes (FIT-O) study. The design and methods of FIT-O have been previously described.20 Briefly, FIT-O was a prospective cohort study that evaluated patterns of caregiving and the relation to clinical outcomes of consecutively admitted patients to the cardiovascular service at an
Results
The baseline characteristics of the study population and differences among men and women are listed in Table I. Among 902 hospitalized CVD diabetic patients, the mean age was 67 ± 12 years. More than half of participants were racial/ethnic minorities, and approximately one-third were women. More women vs men were older than 65 years (64% vs 55%, P = .01), were racial/ethnic minorities (60% vs 48%, P = .01), and lacked health insurance (26% vs 19%, P = .01) compared with men.
The mean HbA1c was
Discussion
Among diabetic patients hospitalized for CVD, HbA1c ≥7% vs <7% was associated with a significant increased risk of 30-day CVD rehospitalization, which varied significantly by gender. Notably, the increased risk associated with poor glycemic control was 8.5-fold among women in gender-stratified multivariable-adjusted models; no association was observed among men. The gender disparity was not explained by differences in age or other measured confounders. The association between HbA1c ≥7% and
Disclosures
The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose and no relationships to industry related to this research.
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