Adverse Effects of Depression on Glycemic Control and Health Outcomes in People with Diabetes: A Review

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Key points

  • Depression is common in people with diabetes, affecting 10% to 30%.

  • Depression in diabetes is associated with suboptimal self-care behaviors.

  • Depressed people with diabetes are more often in suboptimal glycemic control.

  • Depression is associated with an increased risk of having/developing complications.

  • Depression is associated with an increased risk of mortality in people with diabetes.

Summary

Research in the past decades has shown that depression is common in people with type 1 or type 2 diabetes, affecting 10% to 30% of cases. A considerable number of prospective studies have shown that depressed persons with diabetes are at increased risk for microvascular and macrovascular complications of diabetes and have higher mortality. The biologic and behavioral mechanisms that link depression with these adverse health outcomes are still unclear. One plausible mechanism is that depression

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    • Does awareness of diabetic status increase risk of depressive or anxious symptoms? Findings from the China Multi-Ethnic cohort (CMEC) study

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      This may be one of the reasons why the findings of our study on alcohol consumption are inconsistent with previous literature (Boden and Fergusson, 2011; McHugh and Weiss, 2019). Patients with diabetes may be at increased risk for DS during treatment requiring changes in diet and behavior or poor glycemic control (Al-Ozairi et al., 2020; Gazmararian et al., 2009; Nefs et al., 2019), and DS may also influence the development of diabetes by affecting diet and physical activity, or treatment adherence (Katon et al., 2009; Mossie et al., 2017; Pouwer et al., 2013). In addition, we did not know the severity of disease, whether they have experienced hospitalization, and diabetes-related complications, which may also affect the patient's psychological status.

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