ResearchCurrent ResearchThe PREMIER Intervention Helps Participants Follow the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Dietary Pattern and the Current Dietary Reference Intakes Recommendations
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Study Design
PREMIER was a randomized clinical trial designed to determine the effects of two multicomponent lifestyle interventions on blood pressure. Detailed description of the study design, the intervention programs, and the main results have been published elsewhere (8, 9). Participating institutions included the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Project Office (Bethesda, MD), the Coordinating Center (Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, Portland, OR), and four clinical centers (Duke
Results
A total of 764 (94%) randomized participants had at least one dietary recall at the two study time points and were included in the data analysis. These participants averaged 50±8.9 years old and had a mean BMI of 33.0±5.8. Approximately 60% were women and one third were African American. Detailed baseline characteristics of the participants have been published elsewhere (8). Overall, both EST and EST+DASH interventions effectively helped participants reduce systolic/diastolic blood pressures by
Discussion
The results of this study suggest that both EST and EST+DASH interventions were effective in helping participants change eating habits and follow the study guidelines related to energy and total and saturated fat reduction during the 6-month intensive program. In addition, the EST+DASH intervention was more effective than EST in meeting DASH-specific targets and DRI recommendations for many nutrients. Although the control group received only a 30-minute advice session immediately following
Conclusions
Both the EST and the EST+DASH interventions were effective in helping participants follow the established recommendations to control blood pressure. At baseline, more participants did not meet the DRI recommendations for the nutrients that may be related to blood pressure regulation (ie, fat, dietary fiber, calcium, potassium, and magnesium) than for other nutrients. Only the EST+DASH group significantly increased intakes of these DASH-specific nutrients and food groups, including fruits,
P.-H. Lin is an associate research professor, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC.
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P.-H. Lin is an associate research professor, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC.
L. J. Appel is a professor, Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
K. Funk and S. Craddick are research associates, C. Chen and P. Elmer are senior scientists, and M. McBurnie is an investigator, Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, Portland, OR.
C. Champagne is a research professor, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA.