Original ArticleLower Resting Energy Expenditure and Fat Oxidation in Native American and Hispanic Infants Born to Mothers with Diabetes
Section snippets
Methods
Self-declared Native American and Hispanic women experiencing a normal, uncomplicated pregnancy (control group, N = 34) or pregnancy accompanied by diabetes mellitus (gestational or pre-existing type 2 diabetes, diabetes group, N = 27) were recruited before the birth of their child. The current analyses are from a larger ongoing investigation of maternal diabetes on offspring. Native American mothers (N = 25 controls, N = 17 with diabetes) received the majority of their prenatal care and
Results
Characteristics of the mothers during pregnancy and the offspring at birth are presented in Table I. The diabetes group was comprised of 9 women who had type 2 diabetes before becoming pregnant and 18 women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Mothers with diabetes were older, had higher parity and prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), and had slightly shorter gestation than the control group mothers. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was 5.9 ± 0.2% (40.6 ± 2.3 mmol/mol) in the mothers
Discussion
The main new finding is that offspring from mothers with diabetes have lower REE and fat oxidation than infants from mothers with a nondiabetic, uncomplicated pregnancy. The lower REE in the group of offspring of women with diabetes is primarily explained by reduced fat oxidation because carbohydrate oxidation did not differ between groups. These metabolic alterations occurred in the face of near optimal control of maternal diabetes as evidenced by HbA1c that was 5.9% on average in mothers with
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Cited by (0)
Supported by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01 DK089034), the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities/National Institutes of Health (P20 MD000528), the American Diabetes Association (1-10-CT-09), and the Children's Medical Research Institute Metabolic Research Program, Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center. The authors declare no conflicts of interest.