Abstract
In this article, the literature is reviewed regarding the role of blood pressure variability and nocturnal nondipping of blood pressure as well as the presence of diabetic kidney disease (DKD), in the absence of albuminuria, as risk predictors for progressive DKD. The importance of glycemic and blood pressure control in patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease, and the use of oral hypoglycemic agents and antihypertensive agents in this patient cohort, are also discussed.
Keywords:
Albuminuria; Blood pressure variability; Cardiorenal syndrome; Chronic kidney disease; Diabetes; Diabetic nephropathy; Proteinuria.
Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Publication types
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
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Review
MeSH terms
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Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers / therapeutic use
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Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / therapeutic use
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Antihypertensive Agents / therapeutic use
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Biomarkers
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Blood Glucose / metabolism
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Blood Pressure
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Cardio-Renal Syndrome / complications
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Cardio-Renal Syndrome / pathology
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Cardio-Renal Syndrome / therapy*
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Diabetic Nephropathies / complications
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Diabetic Nephropathies / pathology
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Diabetic Nephropathies / therapy*
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Homeostasis / drug effects
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Humans
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Hypertension, Renal / drug therapy
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Hypertension, Renal / therapy
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Hypoglycemic Agents / therapeutic use
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Prognosis
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Risk Factors
Substances
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Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers
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Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
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Antihypertensive Agents
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Biomarkers
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Blood Glucose
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Hypoglycemic Agents