Tissue-specific actions of the metabolic hormones FGF15/19 and FGF21

Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2015 Jan;26(1):22-9. doi: 10.1016/j.tem.2014.10.002. Epub 2014 Dec 1.

Abstract

Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) 15/19 and 21 belong to a subfamily of FGFs that function as hormones. Produced in response to specific nutritional cues, they act on overlapping sets of cell surface receptors composed of classic FGF receptors in complex with βKlotho, and regulate metabolism and related processes during periods of fluctuating energy availability. Pharmacologically, both FGF15/19 and FGF21 cause weight loss and improve both insulin-sensitivity and lipid parameters in rodent and primate models of metabolic disease. Recently, FGF21 was shown to have similar effects in obese patients with type 2 diabetes. We discuss here emerging concepts in FGF15/19 and FGF21 tissue-specific actions and critically assess their putative role as candidate targets for treating metabolic disease.

Keywords: arginine vasopressin; brown adipose tissue; corticotropin-releasing factor; hypothalamus; sympathetic nervous system; βKlotho.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adipose Tissue / drug effects
  • Adipose Tissue / metabolism
  • Animals
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / metabolism
  • Fibroblast Growth Factors / pharmacology
  • Fibroblast Growth Factors / physiology*
  • Humans
  • Liver / drug effects
  • Liver / metabolism
  • Metabolic Diseases / metabolism*
  • Obesity / metabolism
  • Organ Specificity

Substances

  • FGF19 protein, human
  • fibroblast growth factor 21
  • Fibroblast Growth Factors