Type 1 diabetes is a chronic, immune-mediated disease characterised by the destruction of
insulin-producing cells. Standardised registry data show that type 1 diabetes incidence has …

Aims/hypothesis The aim of this study was to investigate the evidence of an increased risk of
childhood-onset type 1 diabetes in children born by Caesarean section by systematically …

OBJECTIVE Few studies have assessed the role of specific gastrointestinal infections in
celiac disease. We investigated whether increased frequency of rotavirus infection, a …

ABSTRACT Background In Norway, cod liver oil is an important source of dietary vitamin D
and the long-chain n− 3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, all of …

Background The incidence rates of childhood onset type 1 diabetes are almost universally
increasing across the globe but the aetiology of the disease remains largely unknown. We …

OBJECTIVE To investigate whether enterovirus infections predict progression to type 1
diabetes in genetically predisposed children repeatedly positive for islet autoantibodies …

Previous studies indicate reduced risk of type 1 diabetes after intake of vitamin D
supplements during pregnancy or early childhood. We aimed to test whether lower maternal …

Microbiomes are vast communities of microorganisms and viruses that populate all natural
ecosystems. Viruses have been considered to be the most variable component of …

A negative association has been observed between type 1 diabetes and atopic diseases in
individuals, a finding that supports the Th1/Th2 paradigm. By using published data on …

Background Coeliac disease is an immune‐mediated intestinal disease characterised by
lifelong intolerance to dietary gluten in genetically predisposed individuals. Microbial factors …